When you run a package build through QEMU you get a single emulated ARM processor running on a SINGLE PHYSICAL CPU core. The other 7-15 processors are sitting idle while this emulated box struggles to translate to x86 instructions and compile ARM code.
This is where the speedup comes from. Most of the problems with cross-compile builds are actually CAUSED by tools which are meant to take the problem away โ GNU autoconf is a horrible mistake in design which allows developers to make cross-compilable packages but nobody is talented enough to script it correctly to make it work.
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